Survey+Vs.+Questionnaire

[|Solving the Mystery: Survey vs. Questionnaire:]
 * As it turns out, there is a major difference between a questionnaire and a survey.
 * A **survey** is defined as the measure of opinions or experiences of a group of people through the asking of questions.
 * This is opposed to a **questionnaire**, which is defined as a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. **So really, a questionnaire is a tool to be used for a survey.**
 * When conducting a survey your list of questions is called your **questionnaire**. A survey, on the other hand, encompasses all aspects of the research process, including research design, survey construction, sampling method, data collection, and response analysis.

[|Surveys can be divided into two categories]: the **questionnaire** and the **interview**


 * Developing a Scale** (validating sets of items to are theoretically and statistically linked together)
 * For example, the Agency of University Students (AUS) Scale or the Scale of Psychological Well-Being

[|Four Measurement Scales Every Researcher Should Remember]
 * **Comparative Response Scale**: is an ordinal or rank order **scale** that can also be referred to as a nonmetric **scale**. Respondents evaluate two or more objects at one time and objects are directly compared with one another as part of the measuring process.
 * **Non-Comparative Response Scale**: a monadic scale because only one object is evaluated at a time; generally considered to be ratio or interval scales
 * Graphic Rating Scale; Likert Scale; Semantic Differential Scale; Side-by-Side Matrix
 * Learn more here: [|Levels of Measurement and Scaling]

[|Rating Questions vs. Ranking Questions]
 * A rating question asks survey respondents to compare different items using a common scale (e.g. “Please rate each of the following objects on a rating scale of 1-10, where 1 is ‘not at all important’ and 10 is ‘very important.’”).
 * A ranking question on the other hand asks survey respondents to compare a list of different objects to one another (e.g. “Please rank each of the following items in order of importance with #1 being the most important object to #10 being the least important object.”).

[|Types of Survey Questions]:
 * Unstructured (e.g., interview; or semi-structured) vs. Structured (surveys)
 * Structured Types of Questions
 * Dichotomous (Yes/No)
 * Level of Measurement on a Scale (see also Fraenkel, p. 142)
 * **nominal** - assign a number linked to a category
 * **ordinal** - uses numbers to sequence from high to low
 * **interval** - uses numbers to represent equal intervals in different segments and on a continuum (like likert scale items)
 * **ratio** - uses numbers to represent equal differences from a known zero point